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       Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new  in high school. However, high school was difficult. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts(选拔赛)for cheerleaders(拉拉队队员). She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be  for her to be selected. Two hours later, the  read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart  as the list ended without her name. Feeling  , she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.
       Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she was  . She moved on to English and history, and was relieved to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to  math for the time being.
       The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school  . Mrs. Biden
wasn’t as  as Jenna. “I’m sorry, but we have enough writers for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled and left. “Why is high school so ?” she sighed.
       Later in  class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much  . By the end of class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d continue to try to fit in at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had to  . High school was just as her mom had said: “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the best fish you can be.”

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Fill in of the blanks in the passage with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. 

①In the distant past, the beginnings of the world and of society were explained in mythology. Mythology is the rich  of tales from different cultures about how the world was and why certain things happen. Today the word “myth” is often used to describe something that is made up. Myths tell of gods or other supreme beings, heroes and events that are—or werebelieved to be true. 

②Thousands of years ago, humankind did not have the sciences to help them life. They did not know why the sun rises each morning, why the moon changes  or why the seasons change. Ancient peoples witnessed sickness, death and natural disasters but they did not know caused them. To explain the world around them, groups of peopletheir own accounts about nature and life. These stories were usually not recorded. Instead, they were part of a(n)  tradition, meaning they developed slowly and were  from one generation to another through telling stories. Upon hearing the , people accepted them as the truth.  , myths became beliefs, It is for this reason­ mythology is closely associated with religion. 

③Mythmaking,  superstition, is not the sole property of people who lived thousands of years ago. It has traditionally looked to the past to try to make sense  the present. Some modern myths look to the future. Storytellers make use of the  inventions of the last few centuries to give vivid depictions of what Earth may be like hundreds of years from now. They imagine life on worlds billions of light-years away in space or far in the future.

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①From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first  , they were like newborn children, unable to use this tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kinds future and cultural growth increased.
②Many linguists (语言学家) believe that evolution isfor our ability to produce and use language. They  that our highly evolved brain provides us an innate language ability not found in lower  . Proponents (建议者) of this innateness theory say that ourfor language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually,a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical biological times for language development.
③Currentof innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught ingrades. Young children often can learn several languages by beingto them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the rules of their first language have become firmly fixed.
some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have beenfrom other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that interaction with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language acquisition than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. In other words, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child’s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

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Fill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer.
①The pollution level of the earth is increasing day by day. The governments of many countries around the world are spreading this to encourage their citizens to control pollution and take environmentally friendly measures to lessen the  already caused. It is true that even gestures of going green are making a huge difference.
②Green cleaning is one such eco-friendly way of showing that one really  the future of the earth. Most of the bottled cleaning powders and solutions used in our daily lives contain harmful chemicals. A number of them  dangerous organic compounds which are unsafe for both human beings and the natural . But green cleaning promotes the use of only those cleaning ingredients that are safe for the environment.
③This technique of cleaning is gaining popularity fast as it is absolutely harmless for human health and also does not upset the of the environment. It can also show the way industrial and domestic cleaning products are produced, packaged and   . If the cleaning products are manufactured in an eco-friendly and are packed into bio-degradable packages, they may be labeled  “green” products. 

④This concept of cleaning is not entirely new in many households. The older have been using it for ages. Materials like vinegar, baking soda, and lemons have been used by our great grandmothers and grandmothers  they were easily available and cheaper. These natural products are again being used but now for a different —a greener lifestyle.
⑤It is to know just how many chemical pollutants are used unknowingly in almost all homes every day. a little awareness may help to produce a sea of difference. By adopting the simple green cleaning practices in our daily lives, we can do our part for Mother Nature.

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Fill in of the blanks in the passage with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.

①Shoe is a covering for the foot. Shoes have a  , and most shoes also have a heel. The upper part of most shoes extends no  than the ankle. Boots are footwear that reaches beyond the ankle. People wear shoes in order to  their feet from the environment, sharp objects, and uncomfortable surfaces. 

②Fashion often determines shoe styles. The desire to be  has led to unusual styles. Many European men of the 1300’s wore shoes with an extremely 

long toe. Sometimes the long toe had to be fastened to the knee with a chain so that the  would not trip. 

③Most shoes are made of leather. Other shoe materials include canvas, velvet, and such  substances as plastics. Materials and styles  somewhat, depending on climate, custom, and other  . For example, to keep their feet dry from the  ground, many farmers in the Netherlands wear heavy wooden shoes. 

④No one knows  people first began to wear shoes. The first foot coverings worn in cold regions were probably baglike wrappings made of animal fur. The first known footwear used in  surroundings consisted of sandals made of plant fibers or leather. The ancient Egyptians wore such sandals  3700 B.C., and the ancient Greeks and Romans also wore sandals. In China, people wore cloth shoes thousands of years ago. 

⑤Throughout  , people have worn shoes not only for protection but also for decoration and to  social status. Shoe styles have gone  and out of fashion, just as they do today. For example, the fashion in women‘s shoes changed to rounded toes in the 1500’s, low heels by the late 1500’s, and high heels in the 1600’s.

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