Reading Comprehension 
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
     I heard parents, teachers and educators complaining that teenage children are rebelling(反叛). I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers feel proud that they disagree with their parents just like others. Instead of striking out bravely on their own, most of them hold one another's hands for encouragement.
     They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in a certain way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of the control of their parents only to find themselves controlled by popularity.
     It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has created teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisement what teenager should have and be. And many of today's parents have come to award their children for being popular. These add up to a great obstacle for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. But the obstacle is worth climbing over. The path is, worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records.. You may have some thoughts that you don't share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come—with the people who respect you for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts.

Reading Comprehension 
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
     Laura House remembers the day with embarrassment. "Mother and I were on our way home after dinner when we stopped at a traffic light," she says. "When the light changed, the guy ahead of us was looking at a map of something and didn't move right away. I leaned on my horn and automatically yelled. I didn't even think about what I was doing. Mom's jaw just dropped. She said, ''Well, I guess you've been living in the city too long.'' That's when I realized that my anger was out of control."
     According to Carol Tavris, author of Anger: The Misunderstood Emotion, the keys to dealing with anger are common sense and patience. She points out that almost no situation is improved by being angry. Shouting and leaning on the car horn won't make traffic begin to flow, the screen unlock or keys appear. Patience, on the other hand, is a highly practical virtue. People who take the time to cool down before responding to an anger-producing situation are far less likely to say or do something they will regret later. So, next time when you are stuck in traffic, turn on some light music, breathe deeply, and count to ten—or thirty or forty, if need be.
     Anger-management expert Doris Wild Helmering agrees. "Like any feeling, anger lasts only about three seconds," she says. "What keeps it going is your own negative thinking." As long as you focus on the person who blocks your way on the expressway, you'll stay angry. But if you let the incident go, your anger will go with it. "Once you come to understand that you're driving your own anger with your thoughts," adds Helmering, "you can stop it."
     Other experts who have studied anger also encourage people to cultivate activities that effectively let out their anger. For some people, it's reading the newspaper or watching TV, while others need more energetic activities, such as taking a walk, hitting golf balls or a sandbag. People who succeed in calming their anger can also have the satisfaction of dealing positively with their frustrations.

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。

     It was my liver that was out of order. I knew it because I had just been reading a book, which also described the various symptoms by which a man could tell when his liver was out of order. I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up the treatment for some minor illness. I got down the book and read all I came to read. Then, I turned the pages aimlessly. Before I had read through ten pages, however, I was sure that my liver was out of order.
     I had walked into that reading room happy, healthy man. I crawled out a decrepit wreck. Then I went straight up to my medical man, an old friend of mine. I said, "I will not take up your time, dear boy, with telling you what the matter with me is. Life is brief, and you might pass away before I had finished. But I will tell you what is not the matter with me. I have not got housemaid's' knee (膝盖囊肿). Everything else, however, I have got.” And told him how came to discover it all. 

     He opened me and looked down at me, and clutched hold of my wrist. And then he hit me over the chest when I wasn't expecting it — a cowardly thing to do, I call it — and immediately afterwards butted me with the side of his head. After that, he sat down and wrote out a prescription ） which took to the nearest chemist's. The man read it, and then handed it back. He said he didn't keep it. I read the prescription（处方）. It ran: 1 pound beefsteak, with I pint bitter beer every 6 hours, three-mile walk every morning, 1 bed at 11 sharp every night, and don't stuff your head with things you don't understand. 

     I followed the directions, with the happy result that my life was preserved, and is still going on.

Reading Comprehension 
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
     By the time she got the box open, Nancy was so excited that she could hardly contain herself. Eagerly she removed the cotton surrounding the small object inside the box, and held it up to the light. It glittered and sparkled （闪闪发光）—made alive by the bright sunlight pouring through the window.
     Nancy turned the object slowly in her hands, first this way and then that way. It continued to sparkle and shine as if it had a light of its own. She cried out in delight. Her diamond engagement ring had been found and returned to her, just as the woman on the phone had promised.
     For two weeks, Nancy almost collapsed after losing the ring on the subway. She had placed ads in the newspapers and on the radio, offering a reward for the return of the ring. And, she had almost given up hope when the phone call came.
     A kind, elderly female voice informed her that she had found the ring between seat cushions（坐垫）. She had called, she said, to make sure of the exact address and had promised to return the ring by insured mail the next day.　And then she had added sweetly:“There's no need to send a reward either. I lost my engagement ring once when I was young, and some kind, unknown person returned it to me the next day. I feel I'm only paying back an old debt of thanks.”
     Nancy had thanked the finder profusely and asked her name, but the other woman had said that it wasn't important. And, now, here was the ring once again in her hand. She put it back on her finger and breathed a huge sigh of relief.

阅读选择：阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。 

     Some people might think that Father’s Day was established as holiday to help greeting card companies sell more cards. However, when Father's Day was first suggested in the early 1900s, Father's Day cards hadn't been invented yet.
     The idea of celebrating Father's Day was actually inspired by Mother's Day. In 1909, Mother's Day was just becoming very popular in the United States. One day, Sonora Dodd, of Spokane, Washington, was listening to a church talk about setting aside a day to honor one's mother. It gave her the idea to propose a day to honor fathers, and in particular, her own father — William Jackson Smart.
     Mr. Smart had raised Sonora and her five brothers and sisters all by himself after Sonora's mother died in childbirth. As an adult, Sonora realized the selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. Her father made all the parental sacrifices. In the daughter's eyes, her father was a courageous, selfless, and loving man.
     Mrs. Dodd went to her minister and others about having a church service devoted to fathers on June 5, her father's birthday. That date was too soon for her minister to prepare a service, so he spoke two weeks later on June 19. It took about a year of working with politicians, religious leaders, businessmen and the local Young Men's Christian Association to bring life to her idea of an annual Father's Day. Eventually all her hard work paid off. On June 19, 1910, the first Father's Day was celebrated in Spokane, Washington.
     In 1972 President Richard Nixon established a permanent national celebration of Father's Day to be held on the third Sunday in June. Since then, fathers have been honored and recognized by their families throughout the U.S. on that date.
     Father's Day has become a day to not only honor your father, but all men who act as father figure. Stepfathers, uncles, grandfathers, and adult male friends are all honored on Father's Day. It's also another day for greeting card companies and shop owners to celebrate because sales of the most popular gifts for Dad (shirts, ties, and electric shavers) increase considerably.

阅读选择：阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。

     This green and blue planet spinning in space is under severe stress. If we continue to exploit the planet at the present rate, human and animal life will be threatened. Human pride will be followed by nature's punishment. To save our earth and ourselves, we need first develop an unbiased understanding of ourselves, nature and life.
     Everyone understands the meaning of the sentence "Man should respect animal life and nature". But the exact meaning of man, nature and animal life is not always clear. Many refer to man and animals as if they were essentially different. I consider man to be an animal and only differing in degree and not in kind from other animals. Although I discuss in conventional terms human rights and animal rights as if they were separate, strictly speaking, human rights should be considered a branch of animal rights.
     The word "nature" is one of the most complex words in the language, but it has developed three main areas of meaning. These are, first, the essential quality and character of something (as in human nature, or the nature of wood); second, the inherent force: which influences the world (as in Mother Nature); third, the entire world itself. The last can be taken to include or to exclude human beings, as the phrase man and the natural world implies.
     I consider humans to be an integral part of nature, although they are also the beings most capable of interfering with its processes. Unfortunately a central drive of Western "man" has been to conquer “nature”, as if it were an object separate from him. Hence it has become common to distinguish between what is natural (existing without man's interference) and artificial (man-made). In this way, natural growth is opposed to education, civilization to the natural state. For many urban people living permanently among concrete and glass, nature itself has come to mean little more than the countryside. And this notion of opposition is where the seed of potential destruction lies.

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。 

     The first astronaut (航天员) to walk in space, Leonov, and his companion, Belaiev, began making preparations for the walk as soon as their spaceship was launched. The spaceship was equipped with a double door, which was fitted with a bellows (风箱) between the ship and the outside. This made it possible for the astronaut, in his space suit with oxygen supply, to go first from the air-filled ship to the bellows. Then the air was let out of the bellows, and while the man stepped outside, the air inside the ship remained at normal pressure. If the door had opened directly into space, the air in the ship would have rushed out and been lost when the door opened. 

     Leonov and Balaiev practiced testing the doors several times after they had begun moving around the earth. When the time came for Leonov to go out, his companion helped him attach the cable that was to keep him from floating away from the ship. Then Leonov entered the bellows, and the door closed behind him. When there was no air left in the bellows, the outer door opened and Leonov could see the blackness of space and the blinding light of the sun.
     If the sky appears blue to us on earth, it is because the earth‘s atmosphere absorbs a certain number of blue rays of sunlight. Out where there is no air, this phenomenon does not take place. On the earth, our atmosphere spreads light so that, when the sun is up, light seems to be everywhere. However, in the airless outer space, strong lights, such as the sun, exist side by side with a dark similar to the blackest night. The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle (闪烁) in space, as they do from the earth.

Reading Comprehension 
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
     At the end of the nineteenth century, a rising interest in Native American customs and an increasing desire to understand Native American cultures prompted researchers to begin recording life stories of Native Americans. They had a distinct reason for wanting to hear the stories: they were after data on language and culture that would add to their own field observations, and they believed that the personal stories, even if a single individual, could increase their understanding of the cultures that they had been observing from without. In addition, many researchers at the turn of the century believed that Native American manners and customs were rapidly disappearing, and that it was important to preserve for people in the future as much information as could be adequately recorded before the cultures disappeared forever.
     There were, however, arguments against this method as a way of acquiring accurate information. Franz Boas, for example, described autobiographies as being of limited value, useful chiefly for the study of how memory distorts (歪曲) truth. Paul Radin, another scholar, argued that investigators rarely spent enough time with the tribes they were observing, and inevitably derived results too much influenced by their own emotions to be reliable.
     Even more importantly, as these left stories transformed from the traditional oral form to the written form, much was lost. Editors often decided what elements were significant to the field research on a given tribe. In addition, Native Americans themselves recognized that the essence of their lives could not be communicated in English and that events they thought significant were often considered unimportant by their interviewers. Indeed, as mentioning the names of dead relatives broke with Native American tradition, the very act of telling their stories could force Native American narrators to distort their cultures.

Reading Comprehension 
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
     Mrs. Tompkins complained about a large dog which was frequently found sitting in the best armchair in the sitting-room of the Halfway Hotel in Silbury.
     "I can't understand," she said to the manager, "why you allow dogs in the sitting-room at all, Mr. Goff. The proper place for a dog is outside. Can you please keep the animal out?"
     Mr. Goff promised to do what he could. He went to talk the matter over with his wife. Mrs. Goff herself had noticed this dog and she agreed with Mrs. Tompkins.
     "But we don't want to drive anyone away" said Mr. Goff. "If we refuse to allow dogs in the hotel, dog-owners won't come here to stay, and we''ll lose money."
     They discussed dogs for some time and finally agreed that dogs could come into the hotel, but must not sit in the chairs. Then Mrs. Goff drew up a rough notice and showed it to her husband: "Dogs must not be allowed to sit on the furniture."
     "I don't like it very much," Mr. Goff said doubtfully. "It isn't polite. It's like an order. We don't want to make dog-owners angry."
     Mrs. Goff went away to think again. Some time later notice was put up near the front door of the hotel. Mrs. Goff had drawn a picture of a dog's head at the top. The words below the drawing were as follows:

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。

     Choosing who you believe in can change your life. In high school, I wanted to be a social worker like my sister Lynn. I wanted to help people to make a difference in their lives just like what she was doing. I knew I had work to do because I hadn't really applied myself in high school. But I was looking ahead to my future, and I knew that if I really wanted to do this, I was going to need help. 

     I made an appointment to see a guidance counselor, Mr. Shaw. He listened to me and then looked back at me in disbelief. "You're not college material," he said clearly and deliberately. My heart stopped, frozen in the moment of those icy words.
     My parents, however, found a small college whose financial status would permit anyone with a pulse to attend. At the college, Mr. Shaw's resounding words came back to me time and again. I began to believe him, so much so that I was failing tests — even at this college. I gave up and moved home, starting to work part time. Maybe college wasn't for me. But deep down in my heart, I knew I truly wanted to be social worker, and that would require a college degree. No getting around it.
     With all the courage I could pluck up, I enrolled in a community college nearby and took one course in their night school. I was shocked when I received my grade. I got an A. Maybe it was a mistake! I took another course, and I got another. Things were turning around, and needed guidance. made an appointment to see Dr. Sarah Cohen, one of my professors, who gave me a different message. She told me that I was doing very well by all standards. She also said that I was bright and could do anything I put my mind to. I felt empowered and eventually graduated from that college with honors. Then went on to earn my B.A. and M.A. in psychology from New York University, the very same degrees Mr. Shaw held.

概括段落大意和补全句子(第 1～10 题，阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务：(1)从第 1～5题后所给的6个选项中为第①～⑤段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)从第 6～10 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。) 

概括段落大意和补全句子：阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第1~5题后所给的6个选项中为第1〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2)从第6〜10题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

①Think back to when you did something new for the first time. Self-confidence isn't always what we think it is. Many experts say that self-confidence and seK-esteem are different. Self-confidence is about what we can do by virtue of our efforts. It grows along with the quality of the effort.
②Self-esteem is more fundamental (基本的)and is about the feeling of being worth something, just because we are who we are,and not because we have done something. A good sportsman can have a huge success and self-confidence, because he's good at his sport. In the same time his self-esteem can be low, if his parents have never recognized and treasured him for the person he is deep inside, but only for his performances in sports.

③Build self-esteem if you were not bom with it. Some people just have it,as if they were bom with it. They talk in front of a crowd of people, sell themselves at job interviews or start an interesting conversation with people they've never met before.

④Self-confidence isn't something you receive as a birth gift. It's something you develop gradually as you turn over the pages of the thick book of life. If you work goal-directed to improve your belief in yourself,you'll eventually build up your courage to do what self-assured (自信的）people find natural, instead of developing pounding hearts, breathing difficulties and trembling hands.

⑤Regardless of fear and shyness you'll have to get out of your hiding to improve your self-confidence. Be more visible to your surroundings. Do something else than you used to. Try yourself in different situations.We all have many great abilities that just have to be exposed.

概括段落大意和补全句子：阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第1~4题后所给的5个选项中为第1~4自段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第5~10题后所给的7个选项中选择6个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。

Men and Women Drivers

① Men take more risks. In studies, men as a whole show less careful behavior than women. They drive at higher speeds and closer to other cars. They dont wear seat belts, and drive while drunk more often. They even make riskier turns and take less time when parking.

② But, how someone drives doesn't necessarily equal how well he drives. Men do seem to be more skillful than women at certain driving tasks. However, this slight advantage in ability doesn' t turn into better driving records. The kinds of accidents men get into are generally the result of their riskier behavior. According to one study, men are more than three times as likely to be fined for "aggressive driving" than women, and more than 25% as likely to be at fault in an accident.

③ Despite the research, it's difficult to decide whether men are truly born better drivers than women. It is also not clear if men are simply more confident in their driving because they're thought to be btter, and thus show better skills. Similarly, the traditional view that women are weaker drivers may affect their driving performance.

④ Women are catching up, which isn't necessarily good news. Men may be responsible for more accidents than women, but the gap is getting smaller. Today, more women drive and drive more than ever before. Unfortunately, this leads to an increase in speeding, aggressive driving, and even very serious accidents among women. 

⑤ So, are men better drivers than women? According to the interesting data from researchers, the answer is yes ... and no. Therefore, the tips for both men and women drivers are: Learn from the strengths of both sexes, drive confidently and carefully, and don't forget to wear the seat belt.

概括段落大意和补全句子：阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第1~4题后所给的5个选项中为第1~4自段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第5~10题后所给的7个选项中选择6个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。 

概括段落大意和补全句子(第 1～10 题。阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务：(1)从第 1～5 题后所给的 6 个选项中为第①～⑤段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)从第 6～10 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。) 

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第1~ 5题后所给的6个选项中为每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第6~10题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

概括段落大意和补全句子：阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的2项测试任务:(1)从第1-4题后所给的5个选项中为第①~④段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)从第5~10题后所给的7个选项中选择6个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。

④ Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education. During all our years at school, we were examined two or three times a year. If we failed once, we were out. However, all research work is 99.9% failure and, if we succeed once, we are in. If we are going to make progress, we must learn to fail intelligently so that we won't become discouraged at the 99.9% failure.  

概括段落大意和补全句子：阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第1~5题后所给的6个选项中为第1〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2)从第6〜10题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

概括段落大意和补全句子:阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的二项测试任务:(1)从第1~5题后所给的六个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)从第6~10题后所给的六个选项中选择五个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。

​McGrady's Art Is a Spectacle 

①When Tracy McGrady is healthy, his play can be so beautiful that even his own teammates on the court cannot help but admire it in the middle of a game.
②“It's hard for me, because I'm a fan of basketball.”Houston point guard Rafer Alston told the Houston Chronicle newspaper after McGrady's 44-point performance against Utah on January 5. “When he's shooting the ball like that,a lot of times I'm standing there watching and, all of a sudden, the other team's getting the ball and going on a fast break, and I'm getting yelled at by the coach." Indeed, McGrady's body control, his energy, his shooting-watching these are like watching an artist at work, blending colours , constructing sentences, or playing music.
③Unfortunately, McGrady, 27, hasn't always been on the job. Already this season, he's missed seven games with back spasms. After Yao Ming was injured on Dec. 23, it appeared Houston would be without both of its stars. McGrady, however, returned three days later and has been playing well ever since, scoring more than 30 points in each of the last six games, as of Tuesday. Houston can't seem to get on without him. When McGrady was injured, the Rockets won two and lost five.
④ "Listen, there are only four or five people on the entire planet that can do the things he can do with the basketball. " forward Shane Battier said of McGrady. "From a fan's perspective- and we're fans even though we're players-it's really fun to watch him do that. From a player's perspective, his game can affect the entire team. No question. We see him, and we get excited, and that pumps us up. He keeps making shots, and suddenly it seems to become easier for everybody. "
⑤ But it won't, really. Houston has just begun an important stretch on their schedule. Four of the next seven games will be played away from Houston-and without Yao. Six of the games will be against teams with winning records. Opponents will double-team McGrady in an attempt to dull the impact of his art. Instead of watching, McGrady's teammates will need to create a little art of their own.

概括段落大意和补全句子：阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第1〜5题后所给的6个选项中为第1〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第6〜10题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

Pawn Shops (当铺）

① Pawn shops are businesses where people bring their possessions to sell or to get a short-term loan. Pawn shops may be large or small, clean or dirty, but they are all full of stories. The United States has about ten thousand of them.

② In the past few years, pawn shops have been doing business with more people than ever before. That is because many lenders (贷方）now do business only with individuals having good credit records or a high-paying job. Often, the individuals most in need of a loan have pool credit records. But they do not need a good job or credit record to get a loan from a pawnbroker (典当商). They only need to have something of value.

③ When a traditional lender agrees to provide a loan, it may take days or weeks before an individual receives the money. But pawnbrokers will give a loan in just a few minutes based on the resale value of an object and without asking about the person’s job or credit history.

④ Many pawn shops specialize in jewelry. But most shops accept almost anything of value, including computers, musical instruments, guns, old coins and so on. The item itself acts as the security, or collateral (抵押物)，for the loan. If the loan is not repaid, the object can be sold. Customers can get the object back at any time by repaying the loan plus the interest and fees they agreed to pay. Or they can pay the interest and leave the item at the pawn shop for a while longer.

⑤ The National Pawnbrokers Association is a national trade group representing pawnbrokers. The association calls pawn-brokering “one of humankind's oldest financial institutions.” It says pawnbrokers operated three thousand years ago in ancient China and in early Greek and Roman times.