Traditional linguists believe that the written form of language is（ ）to the spoken form.
The history of foreign language teaching can be traced back to the ancient Roman when（ ）was taught as a second language.
American structuralism came into being at（ ）.
Franz Boas, a representative of American structuralism, made a thorough study of the native languages and cultures of American （ ） which were to be extinct.
Most psychologists today agree with Freud to his general view that the unconscious processes influence conscious thought and action.
Filling Blanks: You are to fill each blank with ONE appropriate word.
Leonard Bloomfield maintained that linguists should describe instead of prescribing what people actually say and should take a(n) approach in analyzing data.
Franz Boas, an American structuralist, worked at the native languages and cultures of （ ）.
Behaviorists insist that a habit is formed when a correct response to a stimulus is consistently .
A group of German psychologists used the word Gestalt, which is approximately in the meaning of “ shape” to name their school of psychology.
Sigmund Freud found many problems originated from some disturbing events in people’s early childhood.
According to Skinner，a renowned behaviorist psychologist， was much more effective than punishment in a teaching situation.
Questions for Brief Answers: This section has six questions. You are to answer them briefly.
What were the three factors that made cognitive psychology the dominant approach in the world?
（ ）is considered as the father of American structuralism.
Sigmund Freud was the first psychologist of the world that made a careful study of the mind.
There were two famous controversies in ancient Greece. One was between the and the conventionalists on relations between form and meaning.
In their study of language, the traditional linguists gave priority to the form and took words as their starting point.
Traditional linguists tended to take a(n) approach in their discussion of the rules of language.
When discussing the rules of languages, the traditional linguistics usually took a approach.
Questions for Brief Answers: Directions: This section has six questions. You are to answer them briefly.
In the book Foreign Language Teaching Methodology, four schools of theories related to language study are introduced. What are they?
By the end of 18th century, nearly all the languages had been studied as foreign languages in schools.
processes influence conscious thought and action.