The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called （ ）.
Degradation can be illustrated by the following example:（ ）
Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.
Observation shows that it is much more common for word meanings to change in from neutral to pejorative than it is for them to go the other way.
The process by which words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense is called.
Increased scientific knowledge and discovery are also important factors that account for the change of word .
The attitudes of classes have made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of elevation or .
The attitudes of classes have also made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of elevation or .
Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.
What are the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?
Car which used to be a “two-wheel cart drawn by horses and used in ”has taken on the meaning “automobile” with the development of modern car industry.
Analyze and comment on the following.
Analyze and comment on the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the extra-linguistic factors, each with example word(s) given below. pen, atom, churl, copperhead
How do you account for the semantic change in the living languages?
Indeed, it often happens that a word is retained for a name though the meaning has changed because the has changed.
Churl, hussy,wench, villain were originally neutral in color but have all down-graded as 'ill-mannered or bad people'. This example shows that the attitudes of have also made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of degradation.
Define the following terms
transfer
Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic . For example, pitiful originally meant “full of pity”, but now has changed to “deserving pity”.
Define the following terms.
Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic .
Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example（ ）
associated transfer
from neutral to pejorative than it is for them to go the other way.