试题题干
Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.
Churl, hussy,wench, villain were originally neutral in color but have all down-graded as 'ill-mannered or bad people'. This example shows that the attitudes of 
have also made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of degradation.
参考答案
试题解析
本题可从词义变化的原因入手。一般来看，词义变化的原因主要有两个：非语言因素和语言因素。其中非语言因素包括历史原因、阶级原因和心理原因三个部分。
Churl（吝啬鬼），hussy（荡妇），wench（少妇），villain（恶棍）原本是中性色彩的词汇，但都被降格为“不礼貌的人或坏人”。这个例子表明，在降格的情况下，阶级的态度也进入了词汇意义。因为在贵族眼里，劳动人民的教养很差，无知愚蠢，行为粗野粗俗。所以，有些词汇就被降格了。