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After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good
news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数)could have been much worse. More than
60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar that shook
America in 1998 claimed 25 ,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition
made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more
to quakes.
In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to
the impact of ground vibrations. The most
designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would
the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater
to cities where earthquakes often take place.
The new smart structures could be very to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.