Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     Citizens who had formed a military group were the first real modern explorers of the valley. They were at war with the local Indians and came into the valley. The white soldiers called it Yosemites after the Indians.
White world’s f of Yosemites.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     Educators did not become involved with blogging right away. Many were concerned with privacy issues and security. But now, thousands of teacher blogs can be found on the Internet. Many teachers do not identify themselves, and they change the names of students and co-workers.
Many teachers are going for blogs although some w about privacy issues. 

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     Every culture has specific rules of courtesy and certain words for special situation. What are considered polite manners in one culture might be terribly rude in another. One of the difficulties of learning a foreign language is learning what is considered polite and rude in the culture of that language.
Using language p within its culture.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     Willpower is not some unchangeable characteristics we are born with. It is skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help us achieve our goals. For every obstacle we want to overcome, we need willpower, which is an inner strength that will push us to confront challenge and keep us going.
Willpower can be n.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     Change is the most changeless thing in the universe. We need to accept all changes — welcome or unwelcome — with the understanding that nothing comes to stay, but only to pass. As two things can never occupy the same space at the same time, one change makes way for the next.
C is inevitable.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     “Alas,” said Huntington Willard, the Duke University genome expert, “genetically speaking, if you’ve met one man, you’ve met them all. We are, I hate to say it, predictable. You can’t say that about women. Men and women are farther apart than we ever knew.”
Women are genetically more c ____ than men.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     Experts say that moods are emotions that tend to become fixed, influencing one’s outlook for hours, days or even weeks. Perhaps the best way to deal with bad moods is to talk them out. So next time you feel out of sorts, don’t head for the drugstore — try the way above-mentioned.
How to d with a bad mood.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word. 

     A baby has little memory, but as he grows, he remembers things gradually. Later when he comes to .school age, he is guided to improve his memory by practice. Short poems are given to him to study by heart when he reaches primary stage, so that his mind will not get rusty from disuse.
A way to d a child’s memory.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     Education teaches a child to realize that he is not thrown into the world by chance, he has his part to play. He will learn what is useful to him and society at large. Education imparts a great deal of knowledge to his mind and encourages a child to work hard.
The p of education.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     Everybody wastes time. Instead of doing their homework, school boys watch television. Writers neglect their work, and wander in the room making cups of coffee and daydreaming. They all have good intentions, but they keep putting off the moment when they must start work. As a consequence, they feel guilty, and then waste more time.
The vicious c of wasting time.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     Hard war situation finally forced Germany to make the decision that would bring the United States into the war. It decided to use its submarines to break the British blockade. The submarines would attack any ships that came near Britain. This included ships from neutral countries, like the United States.
Germany adopted new s _______ in hard situation.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     Anyone who wants to improve his relationship with others should show a sympathetic understanding. The way to express this understanding and to give others the feeling of importance and worthiness lies in this: always look for something in other people you can admire and praise and tell them about it.
The a of praising.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     Bats emit a very high frequency sound and listen for the echo that bounces off objects. The difference in time between emitting the sound and hearing the echo allows the bat to build up a mental "picture" of its environment. Homing pigeons can fly back to their home lofts by using the Earth's magnetic field to navigate. 

The animals with s powers.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

In practice, however, computers make our worst educational nightmares come true. While we bemoan the decline of literacy, computers discount words in favor of pictures and pictures in favor of video. While we fret about the decreasing cogency of public debate, computers dismiss linear argument and promote fast, shallow romps across the information landscape. While we worry about basic skills, we allow into the classroom software that will do a student's arithmetic or correct his spelling.
Computer's （） to students.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence. 

Poorer families frequently must choose child care based on cost and availability rather than quality. This increases the likelihood that their children will be placed in lower quality child care settings. 

More restricted （） about child care.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

We have worked, for example, with the Library of Congress to develop the American Memory Fellows program. This program brings teams of teachers together in both virtual and face-to-face learning communities to develop, test, and publish creative classroom applications that make use of the Library's digitized collections in American History. Teachers learn how to work with primary-source archives that include photographs, pamphlets, films, and audio recordings from American history and culture. Technology makes access to these materials possible and enables teachers to work together to build lesson plans and curriculum for their classrooms. 

（）of technology in teaching.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

A growing sector of the population that will certainly require care is the oldest old, those 80 years of age or older. Some have developed strategies for caring for themselves and for each other, and are thus able to receive and give care and support to remain independent and to have control over their own lives.But the percentage of the oldest old is growing very rapidly, and there is an urgent need, particularly in developing countries, to expand care and security networks.
The urgent （） of care for the oldest old.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence. 

The English language can communicate more in the way a word is said, than the meaning of the word itself. a debater does not want to speak in a monotone, but instead should let the emotions and thoughts behind the words come to life. This is done through vari- ations in pitch, rate, and volume. Be sure to speak up so that eve- ryone can hear. To increase overall quality attention should be paid to pronunciation and enunciation.
Have vocal （）

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence. 

To achieve a favorable outcome from the negotiations, an exporter should draw up a plan of action beforehand, which addresses a few key issues. Experienced negotiators consider that as much as 80% of their overall time devoted to negotiations should go to such preparations.
Preparations are vital to the （） of negotiations.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence. 

Lest there be any doubt about the stakes involved, Trelease makes a bold claim. Reading, he says, is the single most important social factor in American life today. "The more you read, the smarter you grow. The longer you stay in school the more money you earn. The more you earn, the better your children will do in school. So if you hook a child with reading, you influence not only his future but also that of the next generation."
（） impact of reading.