Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal. Such a person is not really a thief. They are sick and cannot help themselves. All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions，People with kleptomaniac for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not belong to them. With medical help they may become normal citizens again. The things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value. They often give away what they have stolen or collect objects without using them.

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     This is not a diet (减肥食谱)—or a hard exercise program. Nobody can stick to those for long. Instead, it's a simple way to make weight loss a natural part of the life you already live. And guess what? It's fun! You don't have to give up the foods you love or do regular exercises. It's about balancing calories (平衡卡路里) in tiny ways that add up to big benefits (好处). You just use some tricks the "naturally thin" people do. Pick the ones you like, stick with them, and you'll lose weight and be strong!
     Talk it UP  Every time you pick up the phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more every day than thin people, according to a study.
     Get face time   We use e-mail so much that we've forgotten what our colleagues look like. Pick a colleague or two who sit farthest from you and deliver 10 of those daily messages in person. And go out of your way: go to a bathroom or a copy machine on another floor—and take the stairs, of course.
     Think about your drink   Consider beer or wine instead of a frozen drink: A glass of regular beer has 140 calories and a serving of wine has 126 calories, while a strawberry daiquiri has about 300 and a margarita 340.
     Reduce a total of 100 calories each day and you'll be able to lose about 10 pounds in a year. This is really not difficult to do.

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     Student participation (参与) in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student’s oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i. e. , listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussion, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate discussions the professor has a “manager” role and the students make presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
     A professor’s teaching method is another factor (因素) that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it. Many professors encourage students to question their ideas. Students who object to the professor’s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
     In the teaching of science and mathematics, the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes. However, new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years. Students in education, society, and history classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are “practical” rather than theoretical, they pay more attention to "doing” for themselves.

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     A young woman in a small German town was going to give a piano concert. Her posters said she was a pupil of Franz Liszt, the great Hungarian pianist.
     This was not true.
     One day the woman learned that Liszt himself was in town. Now people would find out she would never be able to give a concert again. What would she do? Finally, she went to see the famous man himself. She told him everything. Her parents were dead and she was alone. She had to make a living. She decided to give piano lessons to rich children. But who would send their children to an unknown young woman? So she told people Franz Liszt was her teacher.
     “I believe you,” Liszt said. “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it. That’s enough. Now let me hear you play.”
     The young woman was shy at first. But then she saw Liszt smiling. It made her feel better. Now she wasn’t afraid any more. She started playing. She put her heart into it and she played wonderfully. Liszt was quite pleased. When she finished, she turned to look at Liszt. There was a smile on his face. She could see he was pleased. Then Liszt gave her some advice. After he finished, he said, “Now you really are my pupil. Go ahead with your concert. And you can add (加) a note to the posters. Say that your teacher himself will be there. He will play the last piece. “ 

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     When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way.
     It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie's basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted a red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green.
     "Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint." She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement (人行道). Stripe by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic! 

     The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn't wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother's face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble.
     My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring, she shouted, "What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors' trees, but this! Come inside right now!" I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art. 

     "Now go clean it up!" Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.
     Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.

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     Ron was an engineer. He planned a change and tried the new job of teaching kids how to swim. Ron′s easy manner soon made him a full-time employee at the swim school.
     Now, the 40 hours he works a week takes in weekends, early mornings and late afternoons. He earns around 25% less than he did in engineering. But, at 49, he says he has never been happier. "I′ve had a drop in pay, but I′ve cut back on spending, too. I seldom drive to work so don′t have to pay as much for petrol (汽油). I don′t drink as much. I go walking in my lunch break and I′ve lost 20 kilos. I love going to work. The whole family is a lot happier."
     When one of his brothers called, offering to help him find "a real job", he answered, "I don′t care. I know what I′m doing is good."
     He admits it was fearful making such a big change when there was the mortgage (分期付款) to pay and kids to clothe and feed, but in the end he feels it is a simple choice. "If you′re in a job you don′t like, get out. Money′s not everything. If you don′t like it, change—find something you′re going to be happy with."

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     A young woman rode with her new husband in a wagon (四轮马车).They came to a log cabin (小木屋). The man shouted and a little boy came running out of the cabin. Sarah, the young woman, got down from the wagon, opened wide her arms and held the boy close.
     “Hello, Abe Lincoln,” she said. “I think We’ll be good friends.”
     The new mother with the smiling face went to work at once. She washed Abe and his sister and tidied (弄整齐) their hair. And that night she threw away the boy’s mattress (床垫) of leaves and gave him a soft mattress and enough blankets to keep him warm at night.
     Sarah wore cloth and made new shirts for Abe. She made him new deerskin trousers and even deerskin shoes.
     Maybe, if she hadn’t come to the cabin, he wouldn’t have lived to be a man. When Abe’s father told him not to go to school anymore and help on the farm, Sarah took Abe’s part against his father. Abe would rather read than eat, and when his father told him to stop, Sarah said, “Let the boy read."
     In 1830 the day came when Abe would leave home to work in New Salem. For the last time she had taken Abe’s part against his father. For the last time she had kept the cabin quiet so that Abe could read.
     More than twenty years later, when Abe, who had then become famous, was going to make a speech in a nearby town, Sarah went there just to watch him. In the crowd she tried to make herself small, but he saw her, and in front of everybody, got out of his carriage and went over and put his arms around her and kissed her. Yes, that was her Abe.

     “He loved me truly,” she said later.

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     Some people do not like anything to be out of place, they are never late for work; they return their books to the library on time; they remember people's birthday and they pay their bills as soon as they arrive. Mr. Brown is such a person.
     Mr. Brown works in a bank, and lives alone. The only family he has were in the next town: his sister lives there with her husband, and her son, Mark. Mr. Brown does not see his sister, or his family, from one year to the next, but he sends them Christmas cards, and he has not forgotten one of Mark's seventeen birthdays. Last week Mr. Brown had quite a surprise. He drove home from the bank at the usual time and drove neither too slowly nor too fast; he parked his car where he always parked it, out of the way of other cars, and he went inside to make his evening meal. At once, there was a knock at the door. Mr. Brown opened the door to find a policeman standing at the door.
     "What have I done wrong?” Mr. Brown asked himself. "Have I driven on the wrong side of the road? Has there been some trouble at the bank? Have I forgotten to pay an important bill?”
     "Hello, Uncle”, said the policeman, "My name's Mark.” 

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     E-mail or electronic mail, is considered as the modern communication in the new age. It is carried out in computers all over the world by millions of users. In this invisible world as many people call it, the users can send and receive letters to and from every corner of the earth. They share thoughts with pen pals (笔友) in New Zealand, ask strangers in Bombay (孟买) questions, debate with businessman in Manhattan. All of these are just happening in computers as fast as the travelling of the light, no writing and speaking, no paper and stamps are necessary.
     E-mail is a pipeline to thousands of experts on everything; it is a means of meeting people with similar interests or problems. But it is not a live talk—a real conversation like those in telephones. E-mailers compose letters at leisure on their computers, then send them by phone line to an on-line service, and then they go forward to the right place. A response can be back within hours, depending on how often the recipient (接受者) checks in.
     A vast global networks of on-line services for E-mail has been built. A lot of people are regularly using this service in the USA. People believe that E-mail, the computerized exchange, would create friendship and business developments, and would change people's life in the world. 

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     Jim was a greedy boy. He enjoyed having good food. One day when he came to have breakfast, he found there was only bread and gruel (麦片粥). So he didn't want to have any. Then he thought out a plan to fool his mother and get something good to eat. He put his hands on his stomach and said, "I've got a stomachache, Mum, and I don't want any breakfast now." His mother said, "I' m sorry to hear that. Go to Doctor Jones and he will give you stone medicine. You know his house." Then she gave Jim some money and let him go by bus. Jim got off the bus after five minutes' ride. He didn't go to see Dr. Jones. He went into a shop and bought some pieces of cakes.
     Jim was eating the cakes on his way back home. When he got home, his mother asked him, "What did Dr. Jones say, my boy?" Jim answered, "He said good food is better than any medicine for my stomachache. So I went and bought some cakes instead of buying medicine. "
     Now Jim's mother knew what Jim's stomachache meant.

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     Karen MacInnes had spent nine months in the hospital. As she grew weaker, the 16-year-old girl asked her parents, “Am I going to die?”
     Her mother told Karen the truth. After learning the bad news, all Karen wanted was to go home. Her parents decided to satisfy her wish—no matter that medical fund (基金), which had helped pay for Karen's hospitalization, would not cover any of the full time medical care she would need at home. When she was carried through her front door, Karen smiled for the first time in months.
     A friend of the MacInnes family, Sheila Petersen, knew of this and offered to help. She volunteered (自愿) not only to find nurses, but also to raise money for Karen's care. Money was received from so many people that Sheila created a fund, “Friends of Karen”.
     After leaving the hospital, Karen lived for 11 months. “And those months were happy ones for her,” says her mother, “thanks to Sheila.”
     Even after Karen died, people kept sending money. Sheila put it into the fund, tried to find someone else who needed help. By last month, Friends of Karen was helping 70 families.
     “I still have a relationship with each family.” says Sheila. “We have four children who are near death now, and I want to be there for them.” Sheila admits (承认) the work is sometimes difficult, but says, “the-smile on a child’s face makes it all worthwhile (值得的).”  

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     Student participation (参与) in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student’s oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i. e. , listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussion, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate discussions the professor has a “manager” role and the students make presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
     A professor’s teaching method is another factor (因素) that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it. Many professors encourage students to question their ideas. Students who object to the professor’s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
     In the teaching of science and mathematics, the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes. However, new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years. Students in education, society, and history classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are “practical” rather than theoretical, they pay more attention to "doing” for themselves.

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     E-mail or electronic mail, is considered as the modern communication in the new age. It is carried out in computers all over the world by millions of users. In this invisible world as many people call it, the users can send and receive letters to and from every corner of the earth. They share thoughts with pen pals (笔友) in New Zealand, ask strangers in Bombay (孟买) questions, debate with businessman in Manhattan. All of these are just happening in computers as fast as the travelling of the light, no writing and speaking, no paper and stamps are necessary.
     E-mail is a pipeline to thousands of experts on everything; it is a means of meeting people with similar interests or problems. But it is not a live talk—a real conversation like those in telephones. E-mailers compose letters at leisure on their computers, then send them by phone line to an on-line service, and then they go forward to the right place. A response can be back within hours, depending on how often the recipient (接受者) checks in.
     A vast global networks of on-line services for E-mail has been built. A lot of people are regularly using this service in the USA. People believe that E-mail, the computerized exchange, would create friendship and business developments, and would change people's life in the world. 

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     Some people do not like anything to be out of place, they are never late for work; they return their books to the library on time; they remember people's birthday and they pay their bills as soon as they arrive. Mr. Brown is such a person.
     Mr. Brown works in a bank, and lives alone. The only family he has were in the next town: his sister lives there with her husband, and her son, Mark. Mr. Brown does not see his sister, or his family, from one year to the next, but he sends them Christmas cards, and he has not forgotten one of Mark's seventeen birthdays. Last week Mr. Brown had quite a surprise. He drove home from the bank at the usual time and drove neither too slowly nor too fast; he parked his car where he always parked it, out of the way of other cars, and he went inside to make his evening meal. At once, there was a knock at the door. Mr. Brown opened the door to find a policeman standing at the door.
     "What have I done wrong?” Mr. Brown asked himself. "Have I driven on the wrong side of the road? Has there been some trouble at the bank? Have I forgotten to pay an important bill?”
     "Hello, Uncle”, said the policeman, "My name's Mark.” 

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     Lisa was running late. Lisa, 25, had a lot to do at work, plus visitors on the way: her parents were coming in for Thanksgiving from her hometown. But as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warn. By the time she got to the platform, Lisa felt weak and tired—maybe it hadn't been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought. She rested herself against a post close to the tracks.
     Several yards away, Frank, 43, and his girlfriend, Jennifer, found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop. They were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying.
     But when he heard the scream, followed by someone yelling, "Oh, my God, she fell in!" Frank didn't hesitate. He jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails. "No! Not you!" his girlfriend screamed after him.
     She was right to be alarmed. By the time Frank reached Lisa, he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming. The train was about 20 seconds from the station.
     It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the grins and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse.
     Lisa thought she'd been robbed. A woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt to help stop the blood pouring from her head. And she tried to talk but she couldn't, and that was when she realized how much pain she was in.
     Police and fire officials soon arrived, and Frank told the story to an officer. Jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40-minute train ride downtown—just as he had been seconds after the rescue, which made her think about her reaction at the time. "I saw the train coming and I was thinking he was going to die," she explained.

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     A young woman in a small German town was going to give a piano concert. Her posters said she was a pupil of Franz Liszt, the great Hungarian pianist.
     This was not true.
     One day the woman learned that Liszt himself was in town. Now people would find out she would never be able to give a concert again. What would she do? Finally, she went to see the famous man himself. She told him everything. Her parents were dead and she was alone. She had to make a living. She decided to give piano lessons to rich children. But who would send their children to an unknown young woman? So she told people Franz Liszt was her teacher.
     “I believe you,” Liszt said. “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it. That’s enough. Now let me hear you play.”
     The young woman was shy at first. But then she saw Liszt smiling. It made her feel better. Now she wasn’t afraid any more. She started playing. She put her heart into it and she played wonderfully. Liszt was quite pleased. When she finished, she turned to look at Liszt. There was a smile on his face. She could see he was pleased. Then Liszt gave her some advice. After he finished, he said, “Now you really are my pupil. Go ahead with your concert. And you can add (加) a note to the posters. Say that your teacher himself will be there. He will play the last piece. “ 

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     Bill and his family have been living in the same old building for eight years. The landlord (房东) also lives there, and usually all the tenants (房客) got along fairly well with one another. Recently, however, there has been a change in their relations.
     A nice, quiet old couple used to live there, too. The old lady would sometimes bring some small cakes she made to Bill‘s mother, who in return would give her some meat or help her with shopping. Unfortunately, the old lady died last month. As her husband couldn’t live alone, his grandson moved in.
     The grandson, a youth of about twenty, has become a problem to Bill‘s family because he is so noisy. Bill’s family members were used to peace and quiet, but the youth likes to listen to his radio late at night. Sometimes his friends came for a visit, and they also made a lot of noise. Everyone in Bill‘s family has been bothered by the new comer and getting angry.
     Bill’s mother once politely asked the old man if he was able to sleep well at night, but it seemed that he didn’t understand what she meant and so never spoke to his grandson about it. If he did, the grandson apparently didn't listen, since things have not changed any. Everyone in Bill’s family agrees that something has to be done, but no one wants to hurt the old man‘s feelings or cause him any problems.
     What do you think should be done? 

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     It may be pointed out that warfare (战争) as practiced by man has no parallel in nature. This is to say that within the more highly developed animal populations of this earth there is not now, not has there been similar destruction within a species (物种) itself. In fact, one has to go to the lowliest forms of animal life, such as certain kinds of ants to find anything comparable to human warfare. It is a curious fact that mankind appears to give the killing of his own kind a good reason by imaging that it is a "law of nature". There are now a lot of wrong ideas about the laws of nature, of which this is one of the most incorrect and fateful (致命的). Political beliefs have been based upon it with results that have come near to destroying human civilization. The theory that war is a biological necessity that it is nature's method of controlling population and believing in the survival (生存) of the strong and the elimination (灭亡) of the weak is totally wrong and insupportable. Within the last century, when wars have been common all over the world the human population of the earth has almost doubled.

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     Life gets noisier every day and very few people can be free from noise of some sort or another. It doesn’t matter where you live—in the middle of a modern city, or a faraway village—the chances that you will be disturbed by jet aeroplanes, transistor radios, oil-powered engines, etc. , are almost everywhere. We seem to be getting used to noise, too. Some people feel quite lonely without background music while they are working.
     Scientific tests have shown that total silence can be very frightening experience for human beings. However, some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud, and this can do harm to their eardrums (耳鼓).The noise level in some disco is far above the usual safety level for heavy industrial areas.
     One recent report about noise and concentration (专心) suggested that although a lot of people say that any noise disturbs their concentration, what really affects their ability to concentrate is a change in the level of noise. It goes on to say that a background noise, which doesn’t change too much (music, for example) may even help people to concentrate.

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     When did you last see a polar bear (北极熊)? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club. These "Polar Bears" are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water.That day, the air temperature was 3℃, and the water temperature was a bit higher. The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60. Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group, this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.
     Doctors do not agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming. Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body's temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops. Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.
     The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming. They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system (循环系统) because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm. Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water. A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold-water swimming.
     The main benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming are probably mental. The Polar Bears love to swim year-round; they find it fun and relaxing. As one 70-year-old woman says, "When I go into the water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away."