试题题干
Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.
This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.
The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.
参考答案
试题解析
1：Think about driving a route that’s very familiar.
解析：这句话包含一个定语从句that’s very familiar，修饰route。这是文章的首句，如何翻译基于对文章中心的正确理解。route在这里实际上指的是一种经历——驾车的经历。
参考译文：回想一下这样的经历：开车行驶在一条非常熟悉的道路上。
2： It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home.
解析：it是代词，指代第1句提到的route；could表示推测；commute在此用作名词，意为“上下班”。your commute to work、a trip into town和the way home是并列的表语。home在此做副词。
参考译文：这可能是你每天上下班的必经之路，可能是进城的旅行，亦或是回家的道路。
3：Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand.
解析：whichever引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……”，it还是上文中提到的route。twist and turn是固定搭配，意为“迂回曲折，弯曲和拐弯”， know在此不仅仅是“知道”的意思，还有“熟悉，了解”的含义，like短语是状语，说明了解的程度。加上“的纹路”使得汉语意思更为完整。
参考译文：不管是哪一种，你都了解每一个屈折拐弯之处，就像熟悉自己手背上的纹路一样。
4：On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery.
解析：这句话是用it做形式主语。pay little attention to几乎不注意......lose 失去；遗失；错过。
参考译文：在这些所有类型的旅途中，很容易失去驾车的注意力，并且几乎不注意沿途的风景。
5：The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.
解析：这句话里面包含表语从句，宾语从句和比较状语从句，但是并不难理解。比较状语从句than it actually has后，省略了taken。the consequence是主语，译文中把它翻译为状语更加符合汉语的逻辑。
参考译文：结果，比起这段路途实际需要的时间，你的感觉是花费的时间更少。
6： This is the well-travelled road effect: People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.
解析：冒号后面的部分是一个同位语从句，解释全文的中心词well-travelled road effect。effect在此不是“影响”，而是“效应”。it takes to travel a familiar route是省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰time。
参考译文：这就是熟悉旅行线路效应：人们往往低估了花费在一条熟悉的路线上的时间。
7：The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention.
解析：这句话中有一个省略了关系词的定语从句we allocate our attention，修饰way。其次，被动语态is caused by翻译为“由……引起”。
参考译文：这种效应是由我们分配注意力的方式引起的。
8： When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly.
解析：此句中when引导时间状语从句，because引导原因状语从句。
参考译文：当我们沿着一条熟悉的路线旅行时，因为我们不需要集中精力，时间似乎过得更快。
9：And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it.
解析：这句和上句结构一致， when引导时间状语从句，because引导原因状语从句。
参考译文：然后，当我们回忆起这段旅程时，因为我们没有花费太多的注意力，因此我们对之记忆地不太清楚。
10： So we assume it was shorter.
解析：这句的难度在于assume这个词的翻译。此句考查的不是“假定，假设”，而是“认为”。
参考译文：所以我们认为这段旅行更短。