Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     People on Pacific islands once exchanged shells for goods. The Chinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elephant tusks or salt were used. Even today, some people in Africa are still paid in salt. Coins were first invented by the Chinese. They were round pieces of metal with a hole in the center.
In the past, many different things were used as c ______.

Summarization
Directions: In this section of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each of the paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.
     Brush your fingers gently across the leaves of the plant, and the leaves instantly fold up like tiny green fingers. The stems droop as if ready to fall off the plant. About ten minutes later, the leaves reopen, and the stems rise again! The unusual behavior of this plant has earned itself other common names, such as the “humble plant” and the “touch-me-not”.
A s_____ house plant. 

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    Many banks are preparing "online branches", which means that people will be able to take care of their banking business through their home computers. At these online branches, customers will be able to view their accounts, move money between their accounts, apply for a loan, and get current information on products such as credit.
What can be d at "online branches".

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    Extensive evidence shows that consistently getting five hours of sleep or less greatly increases risks of adverse health consequence, like that of cardiovascular disease and early mortality. The myth—adults need five hours or less of sleep—poses the most serious risk to health from long-term sleep deficits.
Sleep deficits do h to your health.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

Many people have dreamed of a world in which all people could speak and understand the same language. They feel that many of the difficulties that exist between the nations of the world could be eliminated if people could communicate with each other in a common tongue - the one newly created solely for the purpose of international communication.
Global need of a(an) （） language.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

Desertification, drought, and despair - that's what global warming has in store for much of Africa. Or so we hear. Emerging evidence is painting a very different scenario, one in which rising temperatures could benefit millions of Africans in the driest parts of the continent. The Sahara desert and surrounding regions are greening due to increasing rainfall.
Sahara desert turns （） thanks to more rain.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

Both Oxford and Cambridge regularly come top in any ranking of the world's best universities. The two universities began within a century of each other. Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life. They have produced great writers,world leaders and politicians.
The （） of Oxford and Cambridge.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

Healthy families maintain parental authority and flexibility. They listen to their children’s wishes，complaints and feelings and make decisions based on what they believe is best for the child. They don’t give in when society or children object. Instead, the parents state expectations and explain rules clearly and reasonably. Such parents also tend to allow children a voice in rules and consequences as they mature.
（） of good parenting.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence. 

Excessive pressure from schoolwork is probably the most common problem in urban areas affecting Chinese children’s development. Giving children time to dabble in many fields is vital for their physical and mental development. In the process, they will gradually show a liking for particular activities. Parents can help their kids make choices. “

Less work, more play” is （） for urban children.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    "Britain's long-hours culture is robbing workers of a decent home life and time with their loved ones. Overwork, stress and exhaustion have become the new normal," says Trade Union Congress General Secretary Frances O'Grady.They want businesses to cut the standard working week from five to four. But would a four-day week work?
An urge for f working days.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    The interview is a necessary part of the recruitment process. Carried out fairly, it can be a good way to select the ideal person to fill a position in a company. An interview can help the employer to know the competencies of the interviewee. It's also a chance for the interviewee to get a feel for his/her potential employer.
F of a job interview.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

From childhood Bill Gates was intelligent and competitive. In school, he had excellent records in mathematics and science It was a very important decision in Bill's life that his parents sent him to a private school, and it was there that he was introduced to a computer. Bill Gates and his friends formed the"Programmers Group""in late 1968. In the next year, they got their first opportunity in Information Sciences.
The （） of Bill Gates.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    There is a man like this: Never for one minute did he look at the world or at people, except in relation to himself. He was not only the most important person in the world for himself; in his own eyes he was the only person who existed.
A self-c person. 

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    In the UK, the use of tangible currency is in decline. In 2017, the UK Finance reported a 15% fall in the use of ready money. Last year the use of debit cards and contactless payments became the most popular way to stump up. The report says, if trends continue, the use of cold hard cash, would end by 2026.
The possible d of cash by 2026.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

    A study by researchers from the University of Ottawa looked at the effect of drinking hot drinks on body temperature in hot weather. The results revealed that "a hot drink does result in a lower amount of heat stored inside your body, provided the additional sweat that's produced when you drink the hot drink can evaporate."

A hot drink can c you down.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

A survey of 26,000 people in 36 countries by VisitBritain, the national tourism body, found that a majority of people in 27 nations disagreed with the statement that “British food is very bad”. Russia, Estonia and Egypt were the most enthusiastic about British food, while Spain, Italy, Japan and France were the least impressed.
More （） began to appreciate British food.

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

People across the northern hemisphere are facing the fact that a warming planet doesn’t get rid of winter. On Monday the heaviest snow on record plastered Seoul. In coming days, the central US will experience its most brutal cold wave in 10 to 20 years. And most of Western Europe will be encased in a deep freeze by this weekend.
Winter is still（）

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

Only this year I witnessed what might have been a fatal accident on the No. 5 highroad. I was motoring up from the town and I came upon the wreckage of two cars on the road. The smash had been caused by a car coming down, which swept round a sharp corner at 100km/h and crashed into a car coming up.
I witnessed a(an)（）

The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Choose the missing words of the phrase or sentence.

The relationship between a sales person and a client is important as both parties want to feel satisfied with their deal and neither wants to feel cheated. A sales person should believe that his product has certain advantage over the competition. A customer wants to be sure that he is buying a product that is of good value and high quality.
（） benefit of business deals.

Summarization
Directions: The paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word.

     A friendly dog can make older people feel less isolated — and it appears to make little difference if that wagging tail belongs to a robot doggie or the real thing. Researchers compared a real dog with a far-from-lifelike robot dog, to see how residents of three U.S. nursing homes would respond.
Robot as good as real dog can ease l people.