（）linguistics refers to the description of a language at some point in time. For example, a study of the features of the English used in Shakespeare’s time would be a synchronic one. 

It is true that language can be studied both synchronically and diachronically. But they are not equally favored by modern linguists. Modern linguists tend to take a （）approach rather than a diachronic one.

Langue and parole are two （）words. Langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community, while parole refers to the realization of language in actual use.

Directions: Fill in the blank of the following statement with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.

Language system is culturally transmitted, i.e.by teaching and learning, as opposed to ginheritance. 

Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false on the ANSWER SHEET for each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give the correct version.

Human language is not only genetically transmitted, but also culturally transmitted while animal call systems are genetically transmitted.

Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put T for true or F for false in the bracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.

Animal communication system also possesses the feature of displacement. In other words，it can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations. 

Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.

While human capacity for language has a genetic basis, the details of any language system are not genetically transmitted, but instead c transmitted.

Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false for each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give the correct version.

It is the property of arbitrariness that provides speakers with an opportunity to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and place.

D features refer to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication. 

Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version

​​People can utter a sentence he has never heard or used before. In this sense, human language is creative.

Directions: Judge whether the following statement is true or false. Choose T for true or F for false. If you think the statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.

    Language is arbitrary by nature. And it is entirely arbitrary.

Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put T for true or F for false in the bracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.

Language is arbitrary by nature. And it is entirely arbitrary.

Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put T for true or F for false in the bracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.

The arbitrary nature of language makes it possible for language to have an unlimited source of expressions.

The system of internalized linguistic knowledge of a language speaker is generally known as linguistic （）. For example, a good foreign language teacher usually has a better linguistic competence.

According to F. de Saussure, （ ）refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech community. 

The distinction between langue and parole was made by（ ）early last century.

D linguistics is the systematic description and elucidation of all linguistic changes through time. It studies the historical development of language over a period of time. For example, a study of the changes English has undergone since the time of Shakespeare would be a diachronic study.

According to （）, a speaker can produce and understand an unlimited number of sentences because he possesses an internalized set of rules about his language. 

（）is a term proposed by the American linguist Chomsky in the late 1950's, which is defined as the actual realization of the ideal user's knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.

Judge whether the following statement is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false on the ANSWER SHEET. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give the correct version.

The grammar taught to learners of a language today is still basically descriptive in the sense that it tells learners what they should say or what is supposed to be correct usage.