Gap Filling

The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary).

accuse/appoint/arrest/behave/blind/majority/constant/grateful/catch/misery/police/politics

     American TV and movies once gave a tough and brutal picture of the American police, though now there are TV series which have cops as heroes and defenders of society. The police are _______ for the good publicity and their new image, especially in cities where there are black ghettos. White policemen are now careful of how they speak and ______ towards their fellow black citizens.
     The cop, or ordinary policeman, is a city or a State employee. He cannot _______ anyone outside his city or his State...
     Since the ______ of criminals are armed, American cops have to use their guns more often than most policemen in other places and the car chases through the crowded streets of Manhattan, which are a favorite feature of gangster movies, are not so exaggerated. American cops get shot down, run over, stabbed, beaten up, and their wives are in ______ fear that one day their men will not come home.
     Many policemen do a lot to help children whose parents are criminals. They understand better than most citizens the awful ______ of the ghettos. They feel sorry for the drug addicts, but often treat roughly the “pushers” who sell the drugs—when they can catch them. They have been ______ of making no serious attempt to break up the various drug rings. They claim that such a task would be never-ending.
     In big cities, the Police Commissioner (Head of the Force) is often ______ by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too closely linked to ______. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a ______ eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world.

The following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box(there are more words than necessary)．

as               devote       fierce        in case

interest      in that           love          rejection

set              that           who          with

     The semi-barbaric king had a daughter whom he loved deeply. She was as passionate, fanciful, and strong as her father and was ​         ​ to him. As is the case in many fairy tales, this daughter, the apple of her father’s eye, was in love with a young man ​ ​​          ​was below her in station. He was a commoner. He was also brave, handsome, and daring, and he loved the royal daughter ​​​​​        ​  all his being. The princess had enough barbarism in her​ ​        ​ their love affair was dramatic… too dramatic. It was a secret for months, but then the king found out about it. 

     The king didn’t hesitate for a minute. He sent the young man to prison and ​        ​ a date for his trial in the arena. When the date arrived, everyone in the kingdom wanted to attend. They all knew of the king’s ​        ​ in the case, and there was excitement in the air. 

     The king's men searched for the ​        ​ tiger in the realm. They also searched for the fairest maiden in the land so that he could have a fitting bride ​         ​ he were found innocent. Of course, everyone knew that he had committed the “crime” of​​ ​​​​​​​ ​ ​​ ​       ​ the princess, but the king did not allow the facts of the case to alter his decision. The trial would go on​        planned. The youth would be gone no matter what happened; he would either be dead or married. The king could enjoy the proceedings for the sport of it.

Gap Filling: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary).

above all else，awake，deep，suffer from，mistake，for, sit down，error, drowsy, think of, while，wed

     She was one of those pretty and charming girls who are sometimes, as if by a ______ of destiny, born into a family of clerks. She had no dowry, no expectations, no means of being known, understood, loved, or ______ by any rich and distinguished man; and she let herself be married to a little clerk at the Ministry of Public Instruction.
     She dressed plainly because she could not dress well, but her unhappiness seemed to be  ______ than one might expect. She seemed to feel that she had fallen from her proper station in life as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace, and charm. She valued these ______ in life, yet she could not attain them. She cared nothing for caste or rank but only for a natural fineness, an instinct ______ what is elegant, and a suppleness of wit. These would have made her the equal of the greatest ladies of the land. If only she could attain them…
     She suffered, feeling born for all the delicacies and all the luxuries. She ______ the poverty of her dwelling, from the wretched look of the walls, from the worn-out chairs, from the ugliness of the curtains. All those things, of which another woman of her rank would never even have been conscious, tortured her and made her angry. The sight of the little Breton peasant who did her humble housework aroused in her despairing regrets and distracted dreams. She thought of silent antechambers hung with Oriental tapestry, lit by tall bronze candelabra, and of two great footmen in knee breaches sleeping in big armchairs, made ______ by the heavy warmth of the hot-air stove. She thought of long salons fitted up with ancient silk, of delicate furniture carrying priceless curiosities, and of coquettish perfumed boudoirs made for talks at five o’clock with intimate friends, with men famous and sought after, whom all women envy and whose attention they all desire.
     When she ______ to dinner before the round table covered with a tablecloth three days old, opposite her husband, who declared with an enchanted air, “Ah, the good pot-au-feu! I don’t know anything better than that,” she ______ best dinners, of shining silverware, of tapestry which peopled the walls with ancient personages with strange birds flying in the midst of a fairy forest; and she thought of delicious dishes served on marvelous plates, and of the whispered gallantries which you listened to with a sphinx-like smile ______ you were eating the pink flesh of a trout or the wings of a quail.

Gap Filling
The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary).
eventually       specialize       colony         subject          superior         prior
continue          involve            identify       expense        generally        with
     Unlike most of the other non-foolish holidays, the history of April Fool's Day, sometimes called All Fool's Day, is not totally clear. There really wasn't a "First April Fool's Day" that can be pinpointed on the calendar. Some believe it sort of evolved simultaneously in several cultures at the same time, from celebrations ______ the first day of spring.
     The closest point in time that can be ______ as the beginning of this tradition was in 1582, in France. ______ to that year, the new year was celebrated for eight days, beginning on March 25. The celebration culminated on April 1. ______ the reform of the calendar under Charles IX, the Gregorian calendar was introduced, and New Year's Day was moved to January 1.
     However, communications being what they were in the days when news traveled by foot, many people did not receive the news for several years. Others，the more obstinate crowd, refused to accept the new calendar and ______ to celebrate the new year on April 1. These backward folk were labeled as "fools" by the general populace. They were ______ to some ridicule, and were often sent on "fools errands" or were made the butt (笑柄) of other practical jokes.
     This harassment (骚扰) evolved, over time, into a tradition of prank-playing (开玩笑) on the first day of April. The tradition ______ spread to England and Scotland in the eighteenth century. It was later introduced to the American ______ of both the English and French. April Fool's Day thus developed into an international fun fest, so to speak, with different nationalities ______ in their own brand of humor at the ______ of their friends and families.

(From April Fool's Day)

GAP FILLING
The following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary).

so/ ordinary/ common/ within/ make/ honey/ who/ plead/ electricity/ article/ machine/ thanks to/ contribute to 

     It is one of the paradoxes of civilization that the more opportunities are utilized, the more new ones are thereby created. New openings are as easy to find as ever to those ______ do their best, although it is not _______ easy as formerly to obtain great distinction in the old lines, because the standard has advanced so much, and competition has so greatly increased. "The world is no longer clay,” said Emerson, “but rather iron in the hands of its workers, and men have got to hammer out a place for themselves by steady and rugged blows.” Thousands of men have _______ fortunes out of trifles which others pass by. As the bee gets ______ from the same flower from which the spider gets poison, so some men will get a fortune out of the _______ and meanest things, as scraps of leather, cotton waste, slag, iron filings, from which others get only poverty and failure. There is scarcely a thing which ______ the welfare and comfort of humanity, scarcely an _______ of household furniture, a kitchen utensil, an article of clothing or of food, that is not capable of an improvement in which there may be a fortune. Opportunities? They are all around us. Forces of nature ______ to be used in the service of man, as lightning for ages tried to attract his attention to the great force of _______, which would do his drudgery and leave him to develop the God-given powers ______ him. There is power lying latent everywhere waiting for the observant eye to discover it.

 (from Opportunities Where You Are)

Gap Filling: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary).
expect        mistake        rest          mixture       between       inferior

demand      politics        custom    vigorous     with               polite

    American society is much more informal than that of many other countries and, in some ways, is characterized by less social distinction. The American ___1___ of pride in achievement and sense of "I'm just as good as anybody else." along with lack of importance placed on personal dignity, is difficult for a foreigner to understand. Americans in general do not like to be considered ___2___, and they grumble loudly about inconveniences or not getting a "fair deal." Yet they do not make a point of their personal honor. As an illustration of the difference ___3___ European and American reflection in this respect, John Whyte in American Words and Ways gives the following account.

    A... [European] professor [visiting in America] was once sent a bill for hospital services which he had never enjoyed. The bill was accompanied by a strong letter ___4___ payment. It was obvious that a mistake in names had been made, but the professor, thoroughly aroused by this reflection on his character and financial integrity, wrote a ___5___ letter of reply (which an American might also have done). But in this letter of reply he demanded that the creditor write him a formal letter of apology … for this reflection on his honor. Since no publicity could possibly have been given to the mistake, for ___6___ it was, most Americans in that situation, after getting the matter off their chest (or without doing that) would have let the matter ___7___.

    An example of the same thing may be that although Americans like to talk about their accomplishments, it is their ___8___ to show certain modesty in reply to compliments. When someone praises an American upon his achievement or upon his personal appearance, which, incidentally, is a very ___9___ thing to do in America, the American turns it aside. If someone should say, "Congratulations upon being elected president of the club," an American is ___10___ to reply, "Well, I hope I can do a good job," or something of the sort.

Gap Filling: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary).

subconsciously    commit        get        necessary    on       conviction

consideration    controversy    count    beyond        fatal    contrarily

    If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he ______. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don't is a ______ mistake, to which we are all prone. I believe myself that hedgehogs eat black beetles, because I have been told that they do; but if I were writing a book on the habits of hedgehogs, I should not ______ myself until I had seen one enjoying this unappetizing diet. Aristotle, however, was less cautious. Ancient and medieval authors knew all about unicorns and salamanders; not one of them thought it ______ to avoid dogmatic statements about them because he had never seen one of them.

    Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have passionate ______ on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own bias. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are ______ aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is ______ the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage ______ are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. Persecution is used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology there is only opinion. So whenever you find yourself ______ angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going ______ what the evidence warrants.

(From How to Avoid the Foolish Opinions)